Isochoric Process Definition and Use

An isochoric process is a thermodynamic process in which the volume remains constant. Since the volume is constant, the system does no work and W 0. (W is the abbreviation for work.) This is perhaps the easiest of the thermodynamic variables to control since it can be obtained by placing the system in a sealed container which neither expands nor contracts. First Law of Thermodynamics To understand the isochoric process, you need to understand the first law of thermodynamics, which states: The change in a systems internal energy is equal to the difference between heat added to the system from its surroundings and work done by the system on its surroundings. Applying the first law of thermodynamics to this situation, you find that: delta-Since delta-U is the change in internal energy and Q is the heat transfer into or out of the system, you see that all of the heat either comes from internal energy or goes into increasing the internal energy. Constant Volume It is possible to do work on a system without changing the volume, as in the case of stirring a liquid. Some sources use isochoric in these cases to mean zero-work regardless of whether there is a change in volume or not. In most straightforward applications, however, this nuance will not need to be considered—if the volume remains constant throughout the process, it is an isochoric process. Example Calculation The website  Nuclear Power, a free, nonprofit online site built and maintained by engineers, gives an example of a calculation involving the isochoric process. Assume an  isochoric heat addition  in an ideal gas. In an  ideal gas, molecules have no volume and do not interact. According to the  ideal gas law,  pressure  varies linearly with  temperature  and quantity, and inversely with  volume. The basic formula would be: pV nRT where: p  is the absolute pressure of the gasn  is the amount of substanceT  is the absolute temperatureV  is the volumeR  Ã‚  is the ideal, or universal, gas constant equal to the product of the Boltzmann constant  and the Avogadro constantK is the scientific abbreviation for  Kelvin In this equation the symbol R is a constant called the  universal  gas constant  that has the same value for all gases—namely, R   8.31  Joule/mole  K. The isochoric process can be expressed with the ideal gas law as: p/T constant Since the process is  isochoric,  dV   0, the  pressure-volume work is equal to zero. According to the  ideal gas model, the internal energy can be calculated by: ∆U m cv  Ã¢Ë†â€ T where the property  cv  (J/mole K)  is referred to as  specific heat  (or  heat capacity) at a constant volume because under certain special conditions (constant volume) it relates the temperature change of a system to the amount of energy added by heat transfer. Since there is no work done by or on the system, the  first law of thermodynamics  dictates  Ã¢Ë†â€ U ∆Q.  Therefore: Q   m cv  Ã¢Ë†â€ T

A Young Age - 1166 Words

Tatum explains how white individuals, at a young age are taught by the American culture that they have superiority over people of color. These assumptions can be made based on social media and institutions such as school. Parents also plays a huge role on influencing their children on what to think about on certain groups. For examples, children at a young age watches cartoons and based off of those images, they grow up thinking that those assumptions are accurate. Due to this, they make assumptions on others’ race based on what they learned from the media, school, and also from parents. As a result of this, their mentality has set to only one specific path without challenging it. Omission also plays an important role on how each†¦show more content†¦The society knows that their actions was unacceptable and if students are learning about it then they will want to challenged the system. Stereotypes, omissions, and distortions plays an important role on how Tatum defines the term Prejudice. â€Å"Prejudice† is a preconceived judgement or opinion, usually based on limited information† (32). People in generally all have at some point in their life has prejudice towards one another. This is the assumption that people make towards one another because of their upbringings, social media, or school institutions. This assumptions is what Tatum referred to as â€Å"Cultural racism†; which is the â€Å"cultural images and messages that affirm the assumed superiority of whites and the assumed inferiorty of people of color† (32). These are the assumptions that people have inernalize because of the daily surroundings and environment they are exposed to. The American culture is set up in a way that divides people in a way that they are constantly exposed to â€Å"ethnic jokes of friends and family memebers, and are rarely informed of the accomplisments of oppressed groups, we will develope the negative categorization of those groups that form the basis of prejudice† (32). Some people in general find it fuuny that it is acceptable to make remarks about ones’ race simply because it was what previous people thought it was funny. People have internalized these concepts for so long

Fire and Ice free essay sample

The poem Fire and Ice is a poem written by Robert Frost. This nine-lined poem of Robert Frost reminds me of Armageddon. Robert Frost is using the elements of fire and ice to represent the two strongest and deepest of human emotions. Fire would represent all the passion, lust, desire, and enw while ice represents the cooler and calmer emotions such as humans hate or ambition. Both are deep enough for humans to cause our own downfall. This is one of Robert Frosts simplest poems. In Robert Frost poem he compares wo destructive forces which is the fire and ice. In the first two lines of the poem he represents two options of the end of the world, by fire or by ice. He takes the position of fire to desire. This comparison suggests that Frost views desire as something that would consumes and destroys. However, in the next stanza, Frost compares ice to hate. We will write a custom essay sample on Fire and Ice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This comparison relates to the reader as something that causes people to be rigid and cold. Also, ice has the ability to compact things and causes them to crack and break. The last lines of the poems affirm that the two elements are equal. Fire or passion, consumes and destroys quickly. While ice or hatred destroys more slowly. The two elements fire and ice are in a never ending conflict with each other. Fire and ice will slowly destroy each other but only with their own demise. This poem is meant to show that perfection can never be obtained. Fire which is passion, and kindness can be seen as the civil rights movement, and ice, or hatred, can be seen as the man who killed Martin Luther King Junior. While it is awful that such a great man was murdered, his legacy and accomplishments still live on. We can now see that while we would like the best of all possible situations, we can still settle for the middle and be better off than before. This is what I believe Robert Frost wanted us to get from his poem Fire and Ice. He wished we would take what he had to say and imply it to our daily lives. Especially when we see struggles against good and evil. Now we may not recognize good as fire and ice as evil, but Robert Frost definitely did.

Third Reich Propaganda Reality free essay sample

Examines Hitlers use of lies, personal national myths, charisma, oratory, ideology, media images and terror. The purpose of this research is to examine the issue of propaganda and reality in the Third Reich. The plan of the research will be to set forth the historical context in which this issue becomes a relevant subject of study in the modern period and then to discuss ways in which propaganda functioned in the Third Reich as both instrument and product of German policy. The importance of propaganda to the Reich appears partly due to the confluence of Hitlers fascination with its power to give coherence and shape to political events and the fact that the events unfolding in Germany after World War I seemed without coherence. This was not least because the ostensibly democratic Weimar Republic was floundering in a nation-state that had no experience of the inexactitude of democracy or political pluralism. We will write a custom essay sample on Third Reich: Propaganda Reality or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Kershaw cites the Weimar periods increasing gulf between..: